Knowlege and atitude of saudi health professionals towards using Essay

Knowlege and atitude of saudi health professionals towards using technology at workplace - Essay Example Consequently, the study will be done through the use cross-sectional survey design. Basically, cross-sectional survey design is crucial in the study because it will be used to collect data on a given sample of participants who will be chosen from a cross section of health professionals. Moreover, the study will have data analysis to ascertain what has been researched. In a general sense, the analysis will give a clear cut on the knowledge and attitudes of health professionals towards technology. Health institutions are some of the most crucial institutions in most countries across that world. They are known to work in accordance to the medical rules and regulations that govern specific countries. Saudi Arabia is one of the numerous countries that has continuously sort to improve the quality of healthy through educating its professionals on the expected knowledge and attitudes particularly pertaining to the use of technology in hospitals and other health facilities (Huber, 2009). Apparently, it has been documented that in 2007during the customary five year strategic health plan for the country, the Ministry of Health in Saudi published numerous main challenges that the health institutions were facing. To begin with, it was noted that there was lack of efficiency in the service delivery system which was as a result of poor coordination between the institution and other stakeholders. In addition, there was lack of health care planning that culminated to immeasurable lack of integration among the three health care systems; primary, secondary and tertiary. Similarly, it was noted that there was absence of modern incentive based payment systems. As such, it was argued that there was a necessity to embrace technology to ensure that these issues were dealt with accordingly. Of most important was to reduce the absence of data that is mandatory in policy and decision making. Consequently, the presence of data improves coordination in health

Age Group And Types Of Music

Age Group And Types Of Music Music is known to be one of the most popular Arts in the world. A large number of people have grown up with it and majority of them are interested in learning an instrument as their hobby. Music is written in notation form consisting of scales, pitch, elements and etc. Now days, there are varieties of artist introduced around the globe every year. Each and every company/record has their own secrets in composing their songs. All those songs come in huge quantities of different genre of music, but the most common ones we know would probably be hip-hop, rock, pop and jazz. However, people have their own preferable genre that theyd like to listen to. Music has become an important part of peoples daily life. I have chosen this topic because myself, I am a musician and music is my passion. I have listened to all kinds of music and I have noticed that as Im maturing, the style of music I listen to tend to change. Due to this reason, I became very curious and determined to observe / find out from people at different age group about the types of music they enjoy listening. Predictably, teenagers are likely enticed to hip hop and rock music. On the other hand, elders can possibly be into softer or happy sort of music, for instant; jazz, blues, country, classical. Anyhow, that was just my hypothesis. The result will come to know after I have conducted surveys / interviews and all data is collected. The forecast can be proven wrong. Methodology / Planning In this project, Ill carry out surveys and questionnaires with students, teachers and other people outside school to find out if there is any correlation between age group and types of music they listen to. The information obtained can be different depending on peoples perspective. The research will be conducted in a way, where I will be interviewing 100 people from both male and female side. Afterwards, the result will be compared and present on graphs. For further calculation and sophisticated math method, Ill be using box whisker plot to determine the average answer of each questions and the Chi square test to find out if two factors are independent. Sample questions to be asked: The type of music different age group listen to How many people tend to play instruments these days When do people normally listen to music Which technology do they use to listen to music Which instrument do they like most How often do they listen to music And etc. Moreover, people have different thoughts and feelings towards music. This data can be gathered as well. Content Introduction - 2 Methodology/Planning 3 Questionnaire 5 6 Observation/Calculations 7 18 Box and Whisker Plot - 15 THE  Ã‚ £2 TEST (chi square test) 16 -18 Conclusion - 18 19 Acknowledgement 19 Bibliography 19 Questionnaire Name: Age: Sex: What music genre do you listen to most? Pop/Rock Metal Jazz/Blues/Country Classical/Romantic/Acoustic Hiphop/RB Techno/Electro Do you play any musical instrument? Yes No Which instrument do you prefer listening to? Piano Violin Guitar Drums Woodwind (flute, trumpet, saxophone etc.) Tabla Sitar Which (devices) technology do you use to listen to music? Ipod/Itouch Mp3 player Mobile phone Radio CD player Labtop When do you normally listen to music? Sad/Depressed Happy/Hyper Working Nervous Bored How often do you listen to music? Always Most of the time Sometimes Rarely What is your thought towards music? Beautiful Entertaining Rubbish Boring Creative Why do you listen to music? Inspiration Enjoyment To fit in Relaxation Observations and Calculations Q1. 10-15 16-20 21-28 29-35 36-Above Pop/Rock 7 13 4 4 1 Metal 4 4 1 0 0 Jazz/Blues/Country 1 1 2 0 4 Classical/Romantic/Acoustic 1 1 2 5 10 Hiphop/RB 2 12 6 2 1 Techno/Electro 4 4 2 3 0 As the graph shows that there are different preferences, among the different age groups. At 10-15 years of age, majority of people are into Pop/Rock because of the reason that this genre has a catchy melody with simple and understandable lyrics, which allows young teens to easily get in touch with the music. This type of music is typically known as guitar-based songs. At the age of 16-20, a large number of people still enjoy listening to Pop/rock. However, the trend has changed over the past couple of years, where many teenagers are influenced and enticed to hip hop and RB. Many albums from various artists has released, producing unique kind of music, that can make people get on their feet and dance along. The music is created by using a program to innovate rhythm and beats, rather than using the instruments. The lyrics will require words rhyming and slangs, which you dont see it often in other genre. This is why, it is ranked second. Eventually, hip-hop and RB has become the most favorite types of music for the people between 21 28 years old. As you get older, the style of music you listen to tend to change. Metal and Techno/Electro officially disappeared. Pop/Rock and Hip hop is slowly fading on the graph. Elderly people mostly appreciate softer and happier sort of music such as romantic, jazz, blues and acoustic, where they will not be hearing unnecessary loud noises and the music is able to put them in the condition of relaxation. Q2. 10-15 16-20 21-28 29-35 36-Above Yes 12 19 6 3 6 No 7 16 11 11 10 These days, bands and musicians have produced great music that captures a lot of teens attention. This has persuaded and turned into a challenge to many teenagers, to learn an instrument and become like their idol and also to play/compose the music they like. This is why a huge quantity of people from 10 -20 years old is able to play an instrument. Anyhow, there are very few people from age of 21 and above that has knowledge and ability to play an instrument. The reason being is that in the old time, to study an instrument means to chose their path and career as a musician, which was tough back then to become successful. So, not many people were interested to spend their money on any instrumental lessons just as a hobby. Q3. 10-15 16-20 21-28 29-35 36-Above Piano 3 10 5 4 6 Violin 1 3 2 1 3 Guitar 11 14 5 5 4 Drums 4 6 5 2 0 Woodwind 0 1 0 0 2 Tabla 0 0 0 2 1 Sitar 0 1 0 0 0 Within the age group of 10 20, the most common instrument that people likes listening to is guitar. Guitar comes in variety of shape and style, for instant, acoustic, classic, electric. They are able to fit in all genres, from soft music to hard rock. This is the blend that entertains people. Drums are another instrument that is heard in many songs. It is popular as a loud and noisy percussion but if you know how to play it properly, it is very essential in the band, as it is the instrument that keeps the beat in time. According to the age group of 21 years and above, people desire to listen to more of classical instruments. Ranked in number one the graph, along side with guitar would be piano. Piano has become the most appealing instrument that produces an amazingly beautiful and peaceful sound. This is the preferable instrument for the elderly people, who enjoy pure music. Violins and woodwind instruments are also incredibly pleasing to hear for this age group. Q4. 10-15 16-20 21-28 29-35 36-Above Ipod/Itouch 15 18 7 1 1 Mp3 player 2 4 1 2 0 Mobile phone 1 5 7 2 2 Radio 0 2 0 4 3 CD player 1 0 0 4 9 Laptop 0 5 2 1 1 IPod/I-touch has been launched for several years and the feedbacks from customers were positive. IPod/I-touch comes in many different versions from classic, shuffle to nano and later on has developed to an I-touch, where you are capable of controlling it by touching the screen. The newest invention recently released is known as an I-Pad. With their high quality products and standout design, IPod/I-touch is ranked as number one music player. People among the age group of 10 28 years consider it to be an uncomplicated and convenient device that they regularly use it to listen to music. In the second position, it is recognized as the mobile phones. Currently mobile phones are not only used to call and message your friends or relatives, unfortunately it contains number of new functions, such as camera and music player. This made it favorable to people, where they will not have to spend their pocket money on a separate mp3 players or an IPod. At the age group between 29 and above, people are not able to adapt to high-technology as they find it quite confusing to operate. So, their preference is the CD players, where they only have to purchase a music CD, and put it in the machine to let it run. Radio is another device that seems to be around with old generation people for many years. Q5. 10-15 16-20 21-28 29-35 36-Above Sad/Depressed 0 5 2 0 1 Happy/Hyper 9 11 5 5 8 Working 3 5 6 2 4 Nervous 0 0 1 0 0 Bored 7 14 3 7 3 The graph has shown that different age groups of people have similar choices and opinions of when they are likely to listen to music. A lot of them like listening to music, when they are happy or when they are free and bored. The survey hasnt portrayed the answer that elderly people only listens to music when they are free or lonely, which the predictions of people seems to head that way. It is stated that as long as they are in the mood of joyful they can be listening to music anytime, even when working. Q6. 10-15 16-20 21-28 29-35 36-Above Always 5 14 3 0 1 Most of the Time 8 18 6 1 6 Sometimes 5 3 8 12 6 Rarely 1 0 0 1 3 After the survey, Ive found out that young teenagers from the age group of 10 20 tend to listen to music quite often due to the fact that they dont have work overload and more free time. Presently, it has evolved into a fashion for them to keep update with new songs. According to the answer of question two, teens that play a musical instrument will also listen to music most of the time, since they are attached to it. On the other hand, starring at the age group of 21 and above, this is the age range that people will usually be busy with their work and prefer to rest and spend time with their family/friends. There is only a period of moment where they occasionally listen to music. Q7. 10-15 16-20 21-28 29-35 36-Above Beautiful 3 6 3 7 12 Entertaining 12 20 11 4 2 Rubbish 0 0 0 0 0 Boring 0 0 0 0 0 Creative 4 9 3 3 2 All the age group has their own particular positive thought towards music. However, I do think that age does affect in the way they interpreted the genre of music they listen to. Young people from 10 to 28 years old find the types of music they listen to very entertaining and creative. Since their favorite genre is rock and hip hop, the loud beats hits them and able get them moving. The creation of many instruments put together to produce one song its something very creative for time On the other hand, the ways of people who are more mature have a different opinion about music. They find it very beautiful, the way music flow and the soft melody, running through the air to their ears. They view music this way is because the style they listen to is often soft and peaceful. Q8. 10-15 16-20 21-28 29-35 36-Above Inspiration 6 6 1 1 1 Enjoyment 12 17 9 5 6 To fit in 0 1 0 0 0 Relaxation 1 11 7 8 9 Among the age group between 10 20 years, a lot of them listen to music for enjoyment. The reason given is that, technically young people are more energetic. Their behavior and reaction appears to be more hyper when they hear any familiar and catchy sound. They feel more joyful and released from any issues in their head. Majority of them, loves to party and this is where music brings a lot of fun and new friends. What so ever, there is a small group of young musicians that listens to music for inspiration. Music has inspired them and made the path for them to create their own music. They like to observe numerous artists and plenty styles of music for ideas to support their original innovation. At the age group of 29 and above, these groups of people are more mature, where they rather listen to slow and gentle music for relaxation. This is to get rid of any stressed after work or any confidential problems and loosen themselves in a comfortable position. Fortunately, it brought back good memories they have had as well as refreshing their mind. Box and Whisker Plot 11, 11, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15, 16, 16, 16, 17, 17, 17 ,17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 19, 19, 19, 20, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22, 23, 23, 24, 24, 25, 28, 29, 29, 29, 29, 30, 30, 30, 30, 33, 34, 34, 35, 35, 35, 37, 38, 39, 40, 40, 40, 41, 41, 45, 45, 45, 45, 48, 48, 49, 49 Minimum Values: 11 Lower Quartile: (17 + 17) à · 2 = 17 Median: 18 Upper Quartile: (30 + 30) à · 2 = 30 Maximum Value: 49 Range: 49 11 = 38 Inter Quartile range: 30 17 = 13 Mode: 17 Mean: After adding up all the numbers Æ’Â   2370 à · 101 = 23.465 (3 d.p) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 THE  Ã‚ £2 TEST (chi square test) 10-15 16-20 21-28 29-35 36-Above Pop/Rock 7 13 4 4 1 Metal 4 4 1 0 0 Jazz/Blues/Country 1 1 2 0 4 Classical/Romantic/Acoustic 1 1 2 5 10 Hiphop/RB 2 12 6 2 1 Techno/Electro 4 4 2 3 0 Ho is age group and types of music they listen are independent. H1 is age group and types of music they listen to are dependent. Degree of Freedom (df) = (r 1) (c 1) Æ’Â   (3 1) (3-1) = 2 x 2 = 4 Significance Level = 5% Æ’Â   9.49 If  Ã‚ £2 > 9.49, we reject Ho If  Ã‚ £2 10-15 16-20 21 and above Sum Pop / Rock 7 13 9 29 Metal / Jazz / Blues / Country 5 5 7 17 Classical / Romantic / Acoustic / Hip-hop / RB / Techno / Electro 7 17 31 55 Sum 19 35 47 101 Observed Frequency table: Expected Frequency table: 10-15 16-20 21 and above Sum Pop / Rock 5.5 10.0 13.5 29 Metal / Jazz / Blues / Country 3.2 5.9 7.9 17 Classical / Romantic / Acoustic / Hip-hop / RB / Techno / Electro 10.3 19.1 25.6 55 Sum 19 35 47 101 (19 x 29) à · 101 = 5.5 (19 x 17) à · 101 = 3.2 (19 x 55) à · 101 = 10.3 (35 x 29) à · 101 = 10.0 (35 x 17) à · 101 = 5.9 (35 x 55) à · 101 = 19.1 (47 x 29) à · 101 = 13.5 (47 x 17) à · 101 = 7.9 (47 x 55) à · 101 = 25.6 The  Ã‚ £2 Calculation: fo fe fo fe (fo fe) 2 (fo fe) 2 à · fe 7 5.5 1.5 2.25 0.41 13 10.0 3 9 0.9 9 13.5 4.5 20.25 1.5 5 3.2 1.8 3.24 1.01 5 5.9 0.9 0.81 0.14 7 7.9 0.9 0.81 0.10 7 10.3 3.3 10.39 10.01 17 19.1 2.1 4.41 0.23 31 25.6 5.4 29.16 1.14 Total 15.44  Ã…“ Ã‚ £2 = 15.44 15.44 > 9.49 As  Ã‚ £2 > 9.49, we reject Ho. So, the variables are not independent. (Age group and types of music they listen to is dependent) Conclusion I have come to the conclusion that people at different age group do have different views towards music. For teenagers, they prefer listening to pop/rock and hip-hop/RB style of music, which they find it very entertaining. A great amount of them do have a talent of playing a musical instrument and they all have the same taste of instrument that they like listening to, which is the guitar. As you know, teens now days are update with the trend of fashion and technology, so their commonly used device is an IPod/Itouch. With this convenient device they are able to listen to music most of the times and usually when they are happy and hyper, just for their enjoyment. For elderly people, they are attracted to the genre of classical, romantic and acoustic, where they find the sound of it very beautiful and pleasing. However, not many of them play a musical instrument according to my survey, but they all love the melody of piano. People at this age are still adapted to using a simplistic technology such as CD player and the old generation radio, when listening to music. With work overload and not enough free time, they are usually in a stressful condition, which is the exact reason why they listen to music for relaxation. Acknowledgement Shahnaz Butt Mathematical Studies Teacher

Why Miller Included the Character of Alfieri in A View From A Bridge :: Papers

Why Miller Included the Character of Alfieri in A View From A Bridge The character Alfieri has a very important role in the play " A View From The Bridge." Alfieri acts both as a narrator and commentator but his main function is to offer ideas to the audience to set them thinking about the message of the play. Alfieri is a character in the play and yet his advice is objective and sympathetic. Alfieri is the first character to speak in the play; he therefore sets the scene and informs the audience the background to the action. He is a lawyer but in this area of Brooklyn the people distrust the law, he tells us "A lawyer means the law, and in Sicily, from where their fathers come, the law has not been a friendly idea since the Greeks were beaten". This speech immediately sets up tension between Alfieri, a representative of written law and the Italian immigrant community, who prefer to follow their own 'law', the Italian law of natural justice! Alfieri was born in Italy and tells us in his first speech that "I only came here when I was twenty-five." Because he grew up in Italy, Alfieri understands the other characters very well. They are all Italian immigrants and have a very similar background. The audience understands how fatalistic Alfieri is when he says "another lawyerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. sat there as powerless as I, and watched it run its bloody course." He is telling the audience that he can sense that a terrible event is about to happen but knows he is powerless to prevent this. He understands that in such a community it is better to "settle for half." Alfieri is a realist who is prepared to make a compromise between two cultures. He knows that there will always be injustice no matter how hard he tries to help the citizens of Red Hook. He is happy that he "no longer needs to keep a gun in my filing cabinet." Alfieri acts as a witness to the events as they happen and he makes comments

The Advantages of Global Expansion Essay

Recent interviews of top international executives by the Myrddin Group in San Antonio have revealed they thought they could create value by transferring their business model and American style of product and marketing to foreign markets. Many initially treated foreign markets much like the United States but soon found that this was not the correct approach. Many American products drew big yawns in Europe and Asia where most of the successful products were local. These national differences in customer tastes and preferences require a change in approach to marketing. This requires a redefining of the actions managers can take to compete more effectively as an international business. The Advantages of Global Expansion Expanding globally allows a business to increase its profitability in ways not available to purely domestic businesses. Companies that operate internationally are able to: Expand the market for their product offerings by selling those products in international markets. Achieve location economies of scale by distributing value creation activities around the globe to where they can be performed most efficiently. Earn a higher rate of return by leveraging any expertise developed in overseas operations and shifting it to other parts of the company’s global operations. While this sounds simple, it is constrained by the need to customize products, marketing, and business strategy to each of the different national locations. Most multinationals started out by taking their goods or services and selling them internationally. Companies like Toyota for example found out that the small vehicles that were popular in Japan were not as popular in the US as the larger sized autos. They adjust ed their product strategy to the US market and enjoyed the ensuing growth in market share and profitability. McDonald’s adapted likewise in India where cattle are revered and the typical Big Mac was doomed as a product. Location Economies The same principle holds true for location economies. Due to differences in feature costs, certain countries have a comparative advantage in the  production of certain products. As an example, Japan might excel in the production of automobiles, the United States in the production of computer software, and China in the production of clothing. For a company attempting to prosper in a global market this might mean that it would benefit by basing every value creation activity it needs in the country where economic, political, and cost considerations are most conducive for that activity. For example, if the most productive labor force for assembly operations is in China then any assembly operations should be there. If the best marketers are in the US then the marketing plans should be developed in the US. Companies that use a strategy such as this can realize these location economies and in doing so they can lower the costs of value creation and arrive at a low-cost position. Advantages Faster growth: Firms that have operate internationally tend to develop at a much quicker pace than those operating locally Access to cheaper inputs: Operating internationally may enable the firm to source raw materials or labor at lower prices Increased quality and efficiency: Exposure to foreign competition will encourage increased efficiency. Doing business in the international market allows firms to improve the quality of their product in order to gain a competitive advantage. New market opportunities: International business presents firms with new market opportunities. These new markets provide more opportunities for expansion, growth, and income. A bigger market means more customers, increased revenue, a larger profit margin, and allows the business to realize economies of scale. Diversification: As the firm diversifies its market, it becomes less vulnerable to changes in local demand. This reduces wild swings in a company’s sales and profits. Disadvantages Increased costs: There are increased operating expenses including the establishment of facilities abroad, the hiring of additional staff, traveling of personnel, specialized transport networks, information and communication technology. Foreign regulations and standards: The firm may need to conform to new standards. This may require changes such as in the production process, inputs and packaging, incurring additional costs.  Delays in payments: International trade may cause delays in payments, adversely affecting the firm’s cash flow. Complex organizational structure: International business usually requires changes to the firms operating structure. Training/retraining of management may be necessary to facilitate restructuring.

Muscle Disease

Amanda Fallon Professor Jed Wolfson Anatomy and Physiology 1 October 27, 2011 Rhabdomyolysis: Disease of Muscular Breakdown Rhabdomyolysis is the breakdown of damaged muscle tissues resulting in the release of muscle fiber contents into the bloodstream (Patel M. D. ). This disease occurs when there is damage to the skeletal muscle. The breakdown products of damaged muscle cells, such as myoglobin, are harmful to the kidneys and frequently result in kidney damage or even kidney failure. The severity of the symptoms depends on the degree of muscle damage and the degree of the kidney damage, if any. The primary muscle damage can be caused by physical damage, medications, drug abuse and some infections. Some patients may have a higher risk of rhabdomyolsis because of a hereditary muscle condition that is already present. There are many causes of rhabdomyolysis. One of the most common causes of this disease is a crush accident, such as an auto accident. Long lasting muscle compression is also another cause of rhabdomyolysis. Long lasting muscle compression derives from â€Å"lying unconscious on a hard surface during an illness or while under the influence of drugs or alcohol â€Å"(Chang M. D. ). An untrained athlete can also get this disease from severe muscle strain where the muscle becomes damaged. Significant muscle injury can cause fluid and electrolyte shifts from the bloodstream into the damaged muscle cells, and in the opposite direction (eMedicineHealth). Other causes of rhabdomyolysis are electrical shock, very high body temperature (hyperthermia) or heat stroke, diseases of the muscular system such as â€Å"congenital muscle enzyme deficiency or Duchenne's muscular dystrophy† (Chang M. D. ). Signs and symptoms of this disease may be hard to pinpoint because the course of the disease varies depending on the cause and each patient may experience different symptoms. Complications of this disease may also be present in the early stages as well as in the later stages. The symptoms of rhabdomyolysis come from the medical history of the patient. The patient may experience painful swollen bruised or tender areas of the body. Muscle weakness may also be experienced by the patient, such as difficulty moving the arms or the legs. Nausea, vomiting and a general sense of illness can be experienced by the patient. The rise in body temperature (hyperthermia) may cause confusion, dehydration, and even a lack of consciousness if not treated. The signs of rhabdomyolysis come from the physical findings of an examination done by a doctor or a healthcare provider. Less severe forms of rhabdomyolysis may not cause any symptoms or signs, and the diagnosis can only be found in abnormal blood tests. The urine, as seen in the photo to the right, may be dark, often described as â€Å"tea-colored†, due to the presence of myoglobin in the urine. Damage to the kidneys can occur due to decreased or absent urine production, usually 12 to 24 hours after the initial muscle damage (Patel M. D. ). A second recognized complication is disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), a severe disruption in blood clotting that may lead to uncontrollable bleeding (Warren M. D. ). Muscle biopsies can be useful if an episode of rhabdomyolysis is thought to be the result of an underlying muscle disorder. A biopsy sample taken during an episode is often uninformative, as it will show only evidence of cell death or may appear normal (eMedicineHealth). Taking the sample can be delayed for several weeks or even months. The histopathological appearance on the biopsy indicates the nature of the underlying disorder (eMedicineHealth). Biopsy sites may be identified by medical imaging, such as using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as the muscles may not be equally affected by this disease. Early laboratory findings include increased levels of myoglobin, potassium, urea, and phosphorus found in blood levels. An â€Å"anion gap metabolic acidosis† could progress because of release of acids from damaged muscle tissue (Patel M. D. ). Myoglobin testing would be the best indication and the diagnostic basis because an increase of myoglobin usually will not occur in the absence of rhabdomyolysis. Diagnostic tests for urine myoglobin are often not easily available, and it may take more than 24 hours for the physician to get the results of the test. However, a typical urine screening for rhabdomyolysis may be performed as long as the urine sediment is examined as well. Complications of rhabdomyolysis also include disseminated intravascular coagulation, a condition that occurs when small blood clots begin forming in the body's blood vessels (eMedicineHealth). These clots ingest all the clotting factors and platelets in the body, and bleeding begins suddenly. When muscles are damaged swelling within the muscle can occur, causing what is called compartment syndrome. If this occurs in an area where the muscle is bound by fascia, a tough fibrous tissue, the pressure inside the muscle compartment can increase to the point at which blood supply to the muscle is compromised and muscle cells begin to die. Rhabdomyolysis is treatable and patients may recover quickly if the disease is caught in the early stages. The main goal of treatment is to prevent kidney damage or to prevent any further kidney damage. However, if left untreated, acute kidney failure develops in 30-40% of patients (Ritz). Early and aggressive hydration may prevent difficulties from this disease by rapidly removing the myoglobin from the kidneys. Hydration of the body may include using several liters of intravenous fluids until the condition is stabilized. Diuretics can also help with removing the iron-containing pigment out of the kidneys. If the patient produces an acceptable amount of urine a doctor may administer bicarbonate, which can prevent the myoglobin from breaking down into toxic compounds within the kidney (Warren M. D. ). Kidney failure occurs when the kidneys are not able to filter and process waste from the body. If the disease progresses enough and kidney failure occurs then the patient may have to undergo dialysis. Dialysis is a procedure that takes the blood out of the body and sends it into a machine, as seen in the picture to the left. The machine filters the waste products from the blood. In severe cases of kidney or renal failure a kidney transplant may be required. If the case of rhabdomyolysis is mild it can be treated at home. The home treatment would include lots of rest and sufficient hydration by drinking plenty of fluids. The overall prognosis of rhabdomyolysis is pretty good as long as it is diagnosed and treated promptly. If the instance of this disease is not severe then the patient may only have to be in the hospital for a short time period for rehydration with IV fluids and lots of rest so the muscles can recover. Acute kidney failure occurs in many of the patients. Rhabdomyolysis is the cause for as many as 15% of patients with kidney failure (eMedicineHealth). While the mortality rate for this disease is approximately 5% (eMedicineHealth). The risk of death caused by this disease depends mainly on the primary health of the patient, the amount of muscle damage that has been caused and any other associated injuries. If kidney failure occurs, the mortality rate can increase to 20% (eMedicineHealth). Rhabdomyolysis can be prevented in almost all cases. Exercise programs and routines need to be thoughtfully planned to prevent any kind of injury and to lower the risk of getting rhabdomyolysis. This includes avoiding exercising in extreme heat conditions and drinking a sufficient amount of fluids. Both these situations can lead to dehydration, which increases the risk of muscle damage. Also, the risk of rhabdomyolysis exists highly for patients taking statin and fibrate medications for high cholesterol control. Information is often provided to these patients to be aware of the symptoms of this disease and the information should be read carefully and thoroughly. In conclusion, this is a disease of the muscular system that could affect anyone in their lifetime. This disease is more common than what I had originally thought. Although it is easily treatable, it can be a very dangerous and painful disease. I am glad that I researched rhabdomyolysis because I have learned what can happen and what to do if I ever experience any of the symptoms. I have also learned the consequences of not training properly for exercise. In doing this research paper I have learned about a disease that I may see affect people in my career as a physical therapist. Bibliography Chang M. D. , Louise. WebMD. 13 September 2010. 22 October 2011 . eMedicineHealth. Rhabdomyolysis (Cont. ). 2011. 30 October 2011 . Patel M. D. , Parul. U. S. National Library of Medicine. 13 August 2009. 21 October 2011 . Ritz, Eberhard. â€Å"Disease of the Month: Rhabdmyolysis. † Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2000): 1553-1561. Warren M. D. , JD. â€Å"Rhabdomyolysis: a review. † Muscle and Nerve (2002): 32-47.

The importance of scene 35 (the cliff scene) in Willy Russells Our Day Out Essays

The importance of scene 35 (the cliff scene) in Willy Russells Our Day Out Essays The importance of scene 35 (the cliff scene) in Willy Russells Our Day Out Paper The importance of scene 35 (the cliff scene) in Willy Russells Our Day Out Paper Essay Topic: Literature A class from a school in Liverpool set off for a school trip to a castle in Wales. Four teachers and a class seems normal and this play is basically about an every day school trip kids getting told off on the bus all seems normal. But when they arrive in Wales (after stopping off at a service station) it all turns wired, the kids. revolt and the teachers take sides with them. The only sane one left is Mr. Briggs who decided to go. The class and the teachers go to the castle as planned, but Mrs. Kay decides to alter the plan, and instead of going back to school, she pitys them and lets them have a day out. Mr. Briggs is furious as he learns that that the children and the teachers join forces to have Our Day Out. Summary of the main characters Mr. Briggs Mr. Briggs is negative about his colleagues the students dont like him and he is very abrupt. Mr. Briggs thinks that you have to risk not being like by the children to teach them anything. Mr. Briggs jumps to conclusions a lot and confronts Mrs. Kay about the way she does things and he thinks all things like trips must be planned and executed. Mrs. Kay Mrs. Kay is quite the opposite of Mr. Briggs, she is laid back and lets the children do what they want. Mrs. Kay is caring and trusts her students. Mrs. Kay worries about her pupils and pitys the students when she feels sorry for them. Carol Chandler Carol is a student from the progress class and she is very forgetful and isnt that clever. She doesnt know if Wales is in England. Will we have to get a boat? She is not afraid to express her opinions and she wants to better herself and live in a nice place. Carol is from a lower working class background and has never seen the sea before therefore when she goes to Wales she doesnt want to go back. Analysis of the Stage Directions conveyed through the 3 characters Mr. Briggs is one of the key characters in the play. Conveyed through the stage directions we get the impression that Mr. Briggs is a much more organised man. We see this in the stage direction of the kids are tumbling off the coach, Mrs. Kay pulls out a flask, and Briggs is frantic. The use of the word tumbling shows that there is no order in how the children exit the vehicle and no organisation or administration in the day trip. Briggs obviously cannot stand to see this as he as frantic. Mrs. Kay pulling out her flask does not help the situation; this point shows that she is calm, tranquil and relaxed in what the children do. You can clearly see Briggs admires his orderliness and being in control. This is stated in the stage direction Briggs with ordered children. This shows that he is in control, in charge and the children respect him. As well as being a control freak, Mr. Briggs is extremely boring when this side is show. The use of the stage direction at the back, the kids are stifled with boredom by Briggs presence. The fact that by Briggs being there and that the children are stifled with boredom shows that he is a monotonous, mind-numbing person to be around. Even though Briggs has a dreary, unenthusiastic side to him as shown in the points above, we also see a change throughout the trip. We see him change to a man who cares about and for the childrens welfare and education. This is portrayed in the stage direction he wraps his arm around her. This is where we see the caring side of Briggs, he is affectionate towards Carol when he realises she could be in danger and could be hurt. Another quote that shows his new emotion is Briggs slowly holds out his hand the use of the word slowly shoes his affectionate side. He obviously means no harm to Carol. Mrs. Kay is a very important character in the play as well as Mr. Briggs. In the play Willy Russell portrays her as being a relaxed, pleasant and careless person, which isnt a good approach for a teacher. These points are shown in the stage direction Mrs. Kay sits on a bench. This action suggests that she has immense trust in the children, or is just not concerned. By Mrs. Kay sitting on the bench shows her lack of concern for the children. This also links in with the stage direction pouring out another cup of coffee. The use of the word another shows that she has done this numerous times on several occasions when the children need supervision the most, especially in the shop scene and the zoo scene where the children get up to no good and steal sweets and chocolate from the shop and attempt to kidnap small zoo animals such as rabbits and even a baby goat. Mrs. Kay also has the motherly touch. This is shown in the stage directions they look more like mother and daughter this implies the fact that Mrs. Kay is more of a friend to the students than a common, strict teacher. This is also shown in the complimentary stage direction, she quickly lifts him so she is carrying him cradle fashion out of the water, this implies that she is an entertaining and compelling person to be around. The use of the phrase carrying him cradle fashion shows that she is not only an exciting person but secures the situation at the same time. This point also is associated with the previous point of being tranquil and unperturbed. As well as being a motherly figure, all the children like her and prefer her to all the other teachers. This is shown in the stage direction she moves a short distance and all the kids follow her. The use if the expression short distance implies the fact that no matter how far she goes, the children definitely want to be around her that the other teachers. Our first impressions of Carol are shown at the beginning of the play. The first paragraph tells us that she is a child from a misfortunate background. This is shown when the stage direction reads wearing a school uniform which doubles as a street out fit and her Sunday best implying that she cannot other clothes apart from her necessary school uniform. Carol also cannot afford essential items such as a school bag; in the play it quotes that she is clutching a supermarket carrier bag. She is eating a half eating sandwich on her way to school, which indicates that she has not had breakfast but yesterdays left over. Carol represents deprivation and the idea that she is poor because of the points made above. All this compares to the end of the play because at the end, Carol is still the same person that she was before the trip. The only difference is that she knows about a different place and life rather that Liverpool and has a goldfish grasped in her hand that she won at the carnival. Dramatic Tension Dramatic tension shows the mood of the scenes. Also, creates a cliff-hanger. In the cliff scene there is a lot of tension. This is reflected in the line: Briggs begins to tell her off and she moves to the edge of the cliff threatening to jump. This is tense because you wonder if she is going to jump or not. It leaves the audience on a cliff-hanger, on the edge of their seats. Another line to show the tension is: Carol slips on the edge of the cliff. This is tense because it makes the audience jump from their seats. The audience also wonder if she is going to survive or not. I think that dramatic tension is important in a play like this because without it the play would be rubbish, for example Carol says in scene 35, Dont you come near me! If Carol had just said, Dont come near me please it would have no enthusiasm to it and therefore there would be no tension to it but because she shouted at Mr. Briggs it brought tension to that specific part in the scene of the play. The audience was left thinking what will be Mr. Briggs reaction and how will Carol react back to it. When she shouts at Mr. Briggs she is out of character its not like Carol acts in the rest of the play this also creates tension. The cliff-top scene is one of the most dramatic parts of the play. It is also the scene where both Briggs and Carol have a change in their personality. Carol becomes rude and rebellious (like Linda) and starts calling him Briggsy. She begins to use unfamiliar words and phrases friggin and also has a change in attitude, from being well-mannered to being cheeky in a cocky sort of way. She also begins to ignore him at times, which she wouldnt have done previously. Briggs however, becomes somewhat more considerate and develops empathy for Carol and her classmates. To begin with, he expects to be obeyed, but later realises that he is not getting the desired response from the children. After Carol tells him how selfish he is, he takes it into consideration and tries a different approach by smiling at the children. The constant camera changes from Briggs to Carol and vice versa, create tension, as does the scene where Carol steps towards the edge of the cliff. The use of tension in this scene, creates questions in the readers mind will she jump? will Briggs fall? Analysis I think the tension level is quite high in the beginning of scene 35 due to the teachers worrying about Carols whereabouts as she has wondered off on her own. The stage directions state that Mrs. Kay is shouting, Carol, Carol it also states that, Colin is searching the far end of the beach. As the audience we feel all the teachers anxiety and concern to find Carol therefore this heightens the tension that extra bit more. I also think that the setting in this scene is important when creating dramatic tension. It describes in the first line, Below the cliff-top the sea is breaking on rocks in a cave mouth. It also states that, Carol is standing on top of the cliff watching the wave below. This states that Carol is dangerously stood close to the edge on the cliff because she can see the waves below her. The audience wonder why she has put herself in this position. What has possessed her to do it? At the beach, another one of Mrs Kays bonus stops, Carol Chandler flees to the cliff without anyone knowing. This is the most important scene in the play this is because all the disagreement has built up so high and comes to a head, that Mr Briggs has a turning point and becomes someone different. Someone who he thought he would never be. Carol wanders off to the cliff, as she does not want to go back to her deprived home life. Mr Briggs finds her he is the wrong person to have found her. As he sees her he approaches her whilst shouting at her, he asks her who gave her permission to go to the cliff. This is the wrong approach and Mrs Kay would have handled the situation much more calmly, being able to relate to Carol. The tension is building up and up. Carol threatens to jump if Briggs comes near her and she really means it. You can tell how hazardous the situation is that she is in, she really would jump if it saved her from going back to her home life. The friction is really building up between Briggs and Carol. The pressure is on Mr Briggs to talk her out of not jumping. He is very confrontational and does not really understand the problem and what is going on. Carol tells Mr Briggs Dont you come near me! which is extremely out of character for Carol. Throughout this scene Russell pauses several times causing tension to build up and up. Briggs thinks that he cant take anymore stress and that the incident with Carol has just pushed him to his limits. He has had to put up with an awful lot during the day. First it was the theft of sweets at the roadside cafi etc. Then he had trust in the children at the zoo, but they betray him by taking many of the zoo animals aboard the coach. Giving a bad name to the school and the school been banned to go there on future trips to that zoo. Ive had just about enough, and Im not putting up with a pile of silliness from the likes of you, this also shows that he does not regard her as an important person. Her disobedience is really getting to him and he is starting to take it personally just what are you trying to do to me. You can tell that she is really despondent at home at home and that it really means a lot to her if she stays I wana stay her. Where its nice. Even though she is in the progress class, she is acting quite intelligent. She can see through Mr Briggs Thats why briggsy! So stop going on you hate me. Carol is clever enough to know that she will never have the chance for her aspiration to come true Dont be friggin stupid. Then Mr Briggs starts to talk to Carol as his new self and it makes her realise that it wouldnt be any good staying. She also knows it would be hopeless plan, down to her specific disabilities getting in the way. If I stayed though, it wouldnt be no good. Even though she has realised she cant stay she still feels really desperate Im not goin back though. Then Briggs says something that is really out of character for him to say to a student please. Then all of sudden he started to sound like Mrs Kay and that is the beginning of the turning point for Mr Briggs when he turns into a new him. Youre as though you given up on life already. You sound as for you life is just ending. Carol then moves very close to the edge. Mr Briggs very aware of the danger holds out his hand to her, which is showing that he is not threatening her but showing a peace gesture. This makes her feel reassured and she starts to see the funny side of what is going on. Carol looks at him and a smile breaks across her face Sir, you should smile more often y look great when y smile. She still wonders what will happen to her when she gets back to school for causing trouble, but what about when we get back tschool? . She has almost given in but is still holding strongly onto her worries and wonders. Just as she gives in she slips. Briggs outstretched arm grabs out quickly and manages to pull her to him. He holds on to her with all his strength. Fortunately he manages to pull her up and she is secure. When Mr Briggs seems to turn into someone new, the children love it, but unfortunately for them its not a permanent fixture. When the coach comes back to Liverpool, it hits Mr Briggs. Briggs with Andrews asleep next to him sees the familiar surroundings and the kids hanging about the streets. He sits up puts his tie back to normal goes to straighten his hair and feels the cowboy hat. Its home to Mr Briggs when the coach arrives into Liverpool and makes him realise the responsibility and concern of his reputation. In the film the camera shot of the school behind Mr Briggs emphasises his feelings of responsibility, his concern and reputation. Also when the camera snaps Mr Briggs singing on the back of the coach with all the children. There is a sudden fade out and echo of the music and noise, which could symbolise that Briggs changed attitude, is just a snap shot and will fade just as the film exposed to the light. The film contained many pictures of Mr Briggs enjoying himself. Thats why he exposes it to the light, as he wants it all forgotten with no memories left remaining. It seems as if he is disappointed with himself, as he has relax with the children. The Play Our Day Out is not really relevant today. Special need classes are not all about fun for the pupils. The pupils are educated just the same as other pupils their age just with more help. The teachers are not like Mrs Kay and believe there is no point teaching them. As teachers today usually believe in trying to educate everyone. Although, there is still run down areas in some places so the story could be half-relevant to today. My view on the play is that it is very good and extremely well written, it makes you feel as if you are theyre watching every scene happen. This is a good thing and means that Russell has done very well at describing the scenes. The play keeps you gripped and hooked right until the end. It makes you feel as though you cant put it down and every scene is left at a cliff hanger, making you want to read on and find out what bizarre thing happens next.

The Problems and Solutions of Overcrowding in Modern Cities Essays

The Problems and Solutions of Overcrowding in Modern Cities Essays The Problems and Solutions of Overcrowding in Modern Cities Paper The Problems and Solutions of Overcrowding in Modern Cities Paper Essay Topic: Tale Of Two Cities The aim of his essay is to discuss the potential problems and solutions in overcrowded cities. Housing problem is the first important issue Which needs to be solved as soon as possible. Modern cities have attracted huge newcomers to seek career opportunity and to fulfill their idealistic or dreams. The capacity Of city accommodation is crucial and thus the government has to develop more lands to build more houses to accommodate the rapidly increasing population. Obviously, it is a huge investment. Developed countries have ample funding to deal With it easily whereas, by contrast, developing countries Will eke out o reach the goal. Even the governments of poor countries are always short of money in house projects so that people have to pave their own way. That is why many cities have slums which are seriously overcrowded, causing other potential health and security problems. Traffic congestion is the second crucial problem in cosmopolitan cities, Beijing, as an evident example, traffic jams occur there nearly every day. The reason is that there are too many private cars in use. According to the report of Institution of China Industrial Research (2010), as to December 2010, there are 4. 7 million automobiles in use in Beijing every day, estimating the number will exceed S million in 2012. Traffic jams add the average commuting time, affect the economic development and cause resource wasting. Thirdly, overcrowded cities need more energy than Nan-crowding cities. As huge number of people flock to big cities to work and live, average density of power and resource need per capita is dramatically increasing, far more than the small cities. Furthermore, the fact that the labor force from small town floods into gig cities will decrease the average density per person in small town and thus it produces unbalanced society structure. Besides, in many modern overcrowded cities there are a lot of skyscrapers Which need more energy to feed central air- conditioner in order to keep a comfortable status. However, the chiller system Of air-conditioner produces huge heating during the working and the heating will be released directly to the air so that causes the city temperature to increase again, and then, accordingly, the city needs more proverb capacity again to feed the air-conditioner. It sis vicious spiral! Virtually other issues such as unemployment, hospital, sewage rubbish, security and air quality, are also urgent. Even so, air quality among these issues must be the most critical one, Take Chile as an example. During the rapid development from sass to sass Chile experienced misery in air quality. As Edward John (2002) point out, the Chilean standard for IMO is an annual arithmetic mean of 50 GU,mm(micrograms per meter the data exceed the national standard every year between 1989-1992, which is more than double the national standard. Edward, John, If people live in low-quality air for long-term, some potential diseases might be incurred. The problems in overcrowded cities can be solved respectively and Step by Step. Firstly, government must make an investment shift to infrastructures such as house buildings, rubbish disposing sites, broad roads, hospitals and schools. It is widely believed that there should be a precondition the government takes long-term planning and scientific city structure design to relieve the overcrowding. Satellite city is widely believed s a positive way because in these areas there has abundant lands to develop more houses to help evacuate downtown citizens to suburban places where on the assumption that relevant infrastructures should be in shape, for instance, houses, schools, hospitals, business buildings and supermarkets. Thus people in new satellite cities work, shop, receive education and see a doctor there. Secondly, government has to make great efforts to create more jobs for peo ple. Unemployment issue can cause potential dangers, for example, psychological problem of individual, to the society. Particularly crimes are often caused by long-term unemployment or underemployment, Since everyone living in cities needs services such as banking, rental, health care, training, food and drink, so government can proactively create the potential job market to help individual find a job which can feed him at least. Virtually Service industrial is a very huge market and in developed countries usually covers more than two-thirds of its GAP. Developing countries could learn the experience from developed countries. Furthermore, developed countries also can absorb part Of labor force in developing ones. Traditionally, rich Meds could experience skilled labor shortages and welcome capital and talent coming from rich Olds (Bruin et al, 1983, IPPP). Thirdly, governments should invest more money into the public transport to relieve the current traffic jams, and encourage people to take bus by decreasing the ticket price. Subway is another more efficient for commuting and city authority should invest more to add the network of subway. Then people driving private cars will reduce car usage and choose subways to save time. Besides, there are many solutions to solve all sorts of overcrowding robbers. Each overcrowded city has its own history and reasons, so it may need different ideas and ways to resolve them. For example, as for environment, according to Cellular (2011), Plantation showed an example of its urban industrial park, exactly like vertical farm, which produces crops backed by smart systems. This is a positive example for overcrowded city to reduce the green-house emission. Until now, people always blame the overcrowded cities, referring all problems to the cities themselves, and it seems there would be no any advantage to cities. However, Embalming cities misses the point that they can be potential solutions as places where high living standards are achieved with much lower levels of greenhouse gas emissions per person. (Sweatshirts, 2010). Actually modern cities have good financing and talent resources to solve problems mentioned above to reduce the influences caused by overcrowding. As scientific technologies are introduced, city ecosystem may go back to normal. To conclude, overcrowding is a critical issue for the world which causes many serious problems such as housing, transport, jobs and air quality, etc.

Mary Osgood Biography

Mary Osgood Biography Known for:  accused of witchcraft, arrested and imprisoned in the 1692  Salem witch trials Age at time of Salem witch trials:  about 55 Dates:  about 1637 to October 27, 1710 Also known as: Mary Clements Osgood, Clements was also written as Clement Before the Salem Witch Trials We have little information other than basic civil records for Mary Osgood before 1692. She was born in in Warwickshire, England and came to Andover, Massachusetts province in about 1652. In 1653, she married John Osgood Sr. who had been born in Hampshire, England and arrived in Massachusetts about 1635.  John Osgood owned considerable land in Andover and was a successful husbandman. They had 13 children together: John Osgood Jr. (1654-1725), Mary Osgood Aslett (1656-1740), Timothy Osgood (1659-1748), Lydia Osgood Frye (1661-1741), Constable Peter Osgood (1663-1753), Samuel Osgood (1664-1717), Sarah Osgood (1667-1667), Mehitable Osgood Poor (1671-1752), Hannah Osgood (1674-1674), Sarah Osgood Perley (1675-1724), Ebenezer Osgood (1678-1680), Clarence Osgood (1678-1680), and Clements Osgood (1680-1680). Accused and Accuser Mary Osgood was one of a group of Andover women arrested in early September, 1692. According to a petition after the trials were over, two of the afflicted girls were summoned to Andover to diagnose an illness of Joseph Ballard and his wife.  Local residents, including Mary Osgood, were blindfolded and then made to lay hands on the afflicted. If the girls fell down in fits, they were arrested.  Mary Osgood, Martha Tyler, Deliverance Dane, Abigail Barker, Sarah Wilson, and Hannah Tyler were taken to Salem Village, immediately examined there, and pressured to confess.  Most did.  Mary Osgood confessed to afflicting Martha Sprague and Rose Foster as well as various other deeds. She implicated others including Goody Tyler (either Martha or Hannah), Deliverance Dane, and Goody Parker.  She also implicated Rev. Francis Dean who was never arrested. Motives for Her Arrest She was accused with a group of women from Andover. They may have been targeted because of their wealth, power, or success in town, or because of association with Rev. Francis Dane (his daughter-in-law Deliverance Dane was in the group arrested and examined together). Fight for Release Her son, Peter Osgood, was a constable who, with Mary’s husband, Captain John Osgood Sr., helped pursue her case and get her released. On October 6, John Osgood Sr. joined with Nathaniel Dane, husband of Deliverance Dane, to pay 500 pounds for the release of two children of Nathaniel’s sister, Abigail Dane Faulkner.  On October 15, John Osgood Sr. and John Bridges paid a bond of 500 pounds for the release of Mary Bridges Jr. In January, John Osgood Jr. joined again with John Bridges, paying a bond of 100 pounds, for release of Mary Bridges Sr. In a petition, undated but probably from January, more than 50 Andover neighbors signed on behalf of Mary Osgood, Eunice Fry, Deliverance Dane, Sarah Wilson Sr., and Abigail Barker, attesting to their likely innocence and their integrity and piety. The petition stressed that their confessions were made under pressure and were not to be trusted. In June of 1703, another petition was entered on behalf of Martha Osgood, Martha Tyler, Deliverance Dane, Abigail Barker, Sarah Wilson, and Hannah Tyler to gain their exoneration. After the Trials In 1702, Mary Osgood’s son, Samuel, married Deliverance Dane’s daughter Hannah. Marty was later released from jail, probably on bond, and died in 1710.

What is the current macroeconomic situation in the United States What Essay

What is the current macroeconomic situation in the United States What fiscal policies and monetary policies would be appropriate at this time - Essay Example This also applies for the U.S. economy, especially in regards to its current macroeconomic situation. In view of the unemployment trends in the U.S., the trends have shown a sharp decline since 2008. The employment rates have steadily risen, with present data from the Labor Department showing that over 140,000 jobs have been created in the economy. This has led to the rate of unemployment dropping to slightly over 7.5%. Furthermore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics places the current inflation rates of the U.S. at below 2.5%. This has been occasioned by the constantly improving economy, with the most significant categories for maintaining the inflation rates low being consumer price index based factors such as shelter and consumer products (Vietor & Weinzieri, 2012). The reduced inflation rates coupled with the low unemployment levels in the U.S. have resulted in an overall increase in the GDP of the country. Furthermore, this is aided further by the diversity of the American economy as shown by the technology, finance and the other sectors that collectively result in the average incr ease in the rate of GDP increasing gradually. Moreover, such industries such as mining, industrial, farming and construction industry are the chief drivers that are involved in the creation of jobs, hence elimination of poverty and reduction in inflation consequently leading to economic growth occasioned by the GDP levels. However, in order to constantly maintain a worthy economic environment and hold all factors at economically feasible levels, varieties of factors are considered by the Federal Reserve authority responsible with formulating fiscal and monetary policies for the economy. As such, the Federal Open Market Committee can consider structuring their policies to ensure further economic prosperity. In consideration of the present macroeconomic situation in the U.S., the committee could consider reducing cuts on public goods, as this could eventually

Deviance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Deviance - Essay Example The acquired historical sources were applied for life course perspective which has been a very valuable asset in modern criminology. It helps to find out whether the offenders have suffered from stigma / criminal label through an examination of four demographic events a) relocation b) matrimony c) career growth and d) death. Yes label had its own repercussions in changing the course of life of a criminal dramatically. â€Å"Deviance Is Not A Quality Of The Act The Person Commits But Rather A Consequence Of The Application By Others Of Rules And Sanctions To An Offender† (Becker, 1963: 9). Introduction It is matter of fact that the offenders upon release from the incarceration found limited opportunities for them to grab lucrative jobs. The available data does not disclose how offenders experienced their life in prisons and how other peoples around them viewed it. There is every reason to believe that the laws have chosen its own path which of course was not similar to that pat h of non criminals. Whatever study conducted so far, indicates the difficult lives of the criminals in and out side the prison. The most difficult phase in their life is the indifferent attitude of the society1. We cite here case example of law breaker Jonas Petter Wedin, who was born and brought up in a farmer’s home. His father was died of a natural death leaving behind a widow and five children with no source of income to live on. His mother and five brothers and sisters made to live on the goodwill of others. That compelled him to join the criminals to earn livelihood for him and for other family members. Discussion Deviance In sociological term, deviance is the behaviour of the offender against the acceptable norms of a society. Hence, it is the area of sociologists, psychologists and criminologists to study and find out the causes of abnormal behaviour of the offenders against the society’s norms and why they insist to follow their own rules and regulations2. Vio lation of Social Norms In fact norms, rules, regulations and expectations are the guiding principals to live in a society peacefully. Deviations of mentioned norms reflect the failure of an offender to comply with the set standards of life. They do not believe in â€Å"live and let live others†. However, social norms vary from culture to culture (e.g. in USA, one has to see eye to eye while having a word with each other whereas in Asia averting eyes is a symbol of politeness and respect. However, direct eye contact in Asia during conversation is considered rude), location to location and country to country e.g., a deviant act if committed in one culture, location or country may not necessarily be considered as abnormal attitude in other culture, location and the country3. Reactive construction We observed in day to day life that specific condition compels minority of a society to keep them aloof. We all agree on this point that killing of a human being neither permissible nor appreciable in any society, unless it specifically permitted by the government in time of war or in self defence4. Component of Social Deviant Behaviour Review of the deviant behaviour indicates three broad social segments i.e. structural, symbolic and conflict. Structural functionalism Individuals may commit crimes on account

Exploring the Integration of Enterprise Resource Planning Solutions Dissertation

Exploring the Integration of Enterprise Resource Planning Solutions Within Supply Chain Management - Dissertation Example It was able to attain this position through vigorous investment in technology to ensure that its continuous improvement is not only based on intent but founded on empirical data as well. Tesco’s direction is on the right path towards its goal by using the latest of what Information Technology can offer to assist it in gathering historical data of its operation and at the same time being provided real time reports of its operation. The ability to move its inventory as efficiently as possible to all its stores either from the owners of the labels or from its own distribution center is one of the lifeblood of Tesco thus its employment of a Supply Chain Management System is mandatory. However, it is also imperative that information technology should not only assist its operation it is also essential for Tesco to be ahead of its competitor by ensuring that its information is built into an essential knowledge base for use in developing its business intelligence framework. Integratin g an Enterprise Resource Planning Solution into a Supply Chain Management System would provide the infrastructure to achieve this. The integrated system would be able to project demands and issue orders ahead of time to ensure that the shelves of Tesco’s retail stores scattered all over the United Kingdom do not go empty. To stay ahead of its competitor within the same industry the knowledge that will be built in the integration of the two systems would translate to the provisioning of valuable information to label or product owners. Information such as demands based on geography and time will aid label owners on how to time their production and delivery to Tesco stores. Introduction Enterprise Resource Planning Solutions have considered and taken into consideration all information that can be gathered pertinent to the operation of the organization and convert them into knowledge that companies can use to meet the demands of the industry (Monk & Wagner, 2012). Supply Chain Ma nagement system takes into account all relevant information that can be collected for purposes of making the production and inventory process efficient, cost effective and responsive to market demands (Hugos, 2011). The implementation of both solutions would enable the company to meet its production targets while at the same time it will be informed in real time of the operational position of the organization including its financial situation (Karni & Shtub, 2009). Tesco plc is a retail and general merchandise organization headquartered in Cheshunt, United Kingdom (Tesco, 2012). The nature of business of Tesco requires that it keeps track of all inventories to a point wherein it is aware of when an item in its inventory is received up to the time on when it is sold. A Supply Chain Management System would be able to track inventories in this same manner as described. An Enterprise Resource Planning System would be able to provide Financial and Controlling systems, Human Resource Mana gement, Production Planning, Treasury systems and the planning of all other company resource.

Panoramic X-Rays Using Sirona Machine Galileos Galaxies Research Paper

Panoramic X-Rays Using Sirona Machine Galileos Galaxies - Research Paper Example The panoramic technology has the capability of increasing the diagnostic value in dental surgeries (Choi et al. 2010). The technology is able to achieve this by the fact that it is able to extend the diagnostic spectrum with an image, by use of classical panoramic in the machine GALILEOS GALAXIS. In fact, it has been claimed that the introduction of the GALILEOS in the dentistry world has enhanced the diagnostic tools as well as operational, data of the patients, therapy, and prevention. The enhancement of the image will further enable the automatic displaying of the image after the scan has been completed. This is achieved within the SIDEXIS and it can all be done with a single click of the machine.Evidently, the technological features of the machine GALILEOS enable x-ray imaging, whereby the whole oral-maxillofacial region is observed in a 3D dimension (Thomas&Angelopoulos, 2008). This allows for concurrent assessing and treating the patient. It also allows for a diagnostic 3D volu me extending beyond the previously applied two-dimensional views of images. The 3D volume enables detailed assessment of the teeth, anatomic features and the bone structure in their spatial display. The technological features also integrate the application of software to present panoramic formatted images familiar with dentists who base their explorations for the three-dimensional outlay in their diagnostic procedures.Amongst the many dental technology features developed by Sirona is GALILEOS (Umre, 2009).

Effects of International Trade Barriers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Effects of International Trade Barriers - Essay Example This essay critically discusses why the government continues to impose barriers to trade and are frequently engaged in a trade dispute. In the past decades, the opening of the markets has boosted economic and trade growth worldwide. However, the trade barriers have remained a key obstacle to the access of markets. Researchers have pointed out that the potential benefit of reducing the obstacle is significant. Countries engage in international trade for various reasons. First, international trade increases the choice of goods for the domestic consumers. It also allows the domestic market to export their goods. Trade barriers refer to the measures that the public authorities or the governments introduce so as to restrict or prevent overseas investment or trade. The measures of the restriction need to be taken in the form of a particular decision or legislation. The measures that are imposed may take the form of current practice. When countries are important or exported from one country to another, they have to be accompanied by the correct documentation adoption of free international trade may result in the collapse of the domestic markets. There is a need to protect the domestic market to ensure that there is the sustainability of the domestic industries and encourage the innovation of ideas in the different countries. The trade barriers will reduce the trade disputes that may come up as a result of the poor working condition. The tariffs enable the government to increase revenues as imports enter the domestic market.

Outline what Kant understands by the sublime and the beautiful and Essay

Outline what Kant understands by the sublime and the beautiful and evaluate their usefulness for understanding the aesthetic - Essay Example In this regard, Immanuel Kant, one of the greatest (if not the greatest) modern philosophers has provided a guide with which humanity may be able to understand and explicate visions and experience of beauty in the human world. This paper intends to present an outline of Kant’s understanding of the sublime and the beautiful. And then, the author will determine and evaluate the usefulness of Kant’s discussion of the sublime and the beautiful for understanding the aesthetic experience. In lieu with this, the paper will have the following structure: first part will be the introduction where the intention and structure of the paper is presented. The second part will be a discussion Kant’s concept of beauty. The third part will be on Kant’s concept of the sublime and fourth part will be the evaluation of Kant’s discussion on the beautiful and the sublime. In the end, it is the hope of the author that the understanding gained from this exposition helps in creating a vision of a world that is authentically responsive to the presentations and representations of what it means to be a human person. Kant’s discussion of the beautiful starts with the claim that the judgement of taste is disinterested, â€Å"Taste is the faculty of judging an object or a method of representing it by an entirely disinterested satisfaction or dissatisfaction. The object of such satisfaction is called beautiful.†1 This implies that judgment of taste is impartial of any feelings or emotions since â€Å"We must not be in the least prejudiced in favour of the existence of the things, but be quite indifferent in this respect, in order to play the judge in things of taste.†2 This is the first condition of beauty.3 The second condition is that the pleasure from the disinterested satisfaction should be a universal voice bereft of any personal satisfactions or

Effects of International Trade Barriers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Effects of International Trade Barriers - Essay Example This essay critically discusses why the government continues to impose barriers to trade and are frequently engaged in a trade dispute. In the past decades, the opening of the markets has boosted economic and trade growth worldwide. However, the trade barriers have remained a key obstacle to the access of markets. Researchers have pointed out that the potential benefit of reducing the obstacle is significant. Countries engage in international trade for various reasons. First, international trade increases the choice of goods for the domestic consumers. It also allows the domestic market to export their goods. Trade barriers refer to the measures that the public authorities or the governments introduce so as to restrict or prevent overseas investment or trade. The measures of the restriction need to be taken in the form of a particular decision or legislation. The measures that are imposed may take the form of current practice. When countries are important or exported from one country to another, they have to be accompanied by the correct documentation adoption of free international trade may result in the collapse of the domestic markets. There is a need to protect the domestic market to ensure that there is the sustainability of the domestic industries and encourage the innovation of ideas in the different countries. The trade barriers will reduce the trade disputes that may come up as a result of the poor working condition. The tariffs enable the government to increase revenues as imports enter the domestic market.

Why quit smoking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Why quit smoking - Essay Example There are many instances where the smokers give up the habit and then succumb to the temptation. This is because they have made only half-hearted measures to quit smoking and unless one is completely determined to quit, the desire would manifest again and again. Some of the measures like reducing the number of cigarettes one smokes or increasing the interval between successive cigarettes are just temporary solutions and do not lead to any long term de-addiction. There has to be a strong willed desire to quit and the resolve has to be stiff. Though these may seem like harsh words, unfortunately they are the ones that can help in smoking cessation. - There are many who believe that â€Å"tapering† off nicotine usage can lead to quitting smoking. However, studies have indicated that the majority of smokers who quit have done so by abruptly quitting instead of tapering over a period of time. This method calls for will power and resolve and certain modifications to the dietary habits can make a difference. If one can reduce the intake of caffeine, sugar and alcohol, they go a long way in making one move away from nicotine. These are stimulants that aid in a cycle of substance addiction and cessation of any one of these can lead to cessation of the other. The high risk groups are those who take one or more than one of these stimulants in large quantities. - Quitting smoking improves the physical and mental fitness of individuals. So, having an exercise regimen goes a long way in aiding the urge to quit smoking. As they say, a jog around the park can be more addictive than a pack of cigarettes. - The effect of the peer group is one of the most important factors in people deciding to smoke and conversely deciding to quit as well. So, make sure that you get the encouragement of co-workers and friends who do not smoke and try to minimize the

Business Plan of Dohuk City

Business Plan of Dohuk City Vaheen Hayder Othman Introduction and Background Dohuk governorate is known as mountain resort destination. It has ancient archaeological sites during all four seasons Dohuk has beautiful views which made it to be one of the best tourism sector of Kurdistan. The city is the point of joint between three parts of Kurdistan (Syria- Turkey- Iraq) therefore it has a strategic location (About Duhok Governorate, 2014). This governorate is considered as one of the most significant and important governorates especially in historical and geographical sides. According to (Shingaly, 2013) because of some points like (the rapid pace of urbanization, moving from other cities to Duhok and the increasing migration from rural to urban areas) economic and social problems of population are increased. It needs commercial projects within the city with a clear plan scheme. The random distribution for commercial uses was due to the lack of a clear plan. Several issues rose from changing the Duhok master plan of land use from residential use to commercial . This affected traffic congestions change of the urban pattern and townscape, less contract of shopping and malls. This essay will address strategic action plan plans for developing the economy of the city of Dohuk with adequate developmental programs for the city. Local economic development makes it easy for Counterpart staff and partners to engage in the process of local economic development planning. This will help stakeholder to find common issues and develop a strategy that will fit key market opportunities. Also to identify quick-win projects to generate jobs opportunities, increase local competitiveness and attract more stakeholders to buy-in (Economic Development Economic Development Government of Yukon, 2014).according to (Ministry of Planning, Kurdistan Region, 2014) There are several factors that has affect or prevents the economic development. The first factor is lack of information and transparency. Dohuk’s directorates and main offices must dedicate itself to serve people in a clear way. To achieve this, the ministries should follow data and regulations. It will help local business owners and international investors to make informed decisions that will make economy grow if they have international standards of transparency and accountability. The second issue is inefficient banking system. Any country or city that wants to be successful in business and gain economic development needs a modern banking system. The banking system must be connected to world class financial institutions and build trustful relation with investors and business men/women. The third factor is educational system, which is a very important factor that needs to be taken seriously. Educational system must meet the demands of market economy. It needs to produce the skills and abilities that could help develop economy. Some certain sectors should be given more attention; in addition of English and Arabic language there should be trainings within these sectors to gain more responsive to the market and local development needs. The last factor is not having a good infrastructure. KRG should upgrade basic infrastructure and invest in it as they are one of the important factors to help economic development. The purpose of this economic development plan is to give a better quality of life to the citizens of Dohuk city and attract more people to invest in new businesses. Creating more jobs and developing existing businesses. Mission statement: Dohuk city’s mission is to provide and strengthen the demands of economic market. As the population of the city grows it needs business creation and reducing the rate of unemployment by creating new jobs. Attract foreign companies to invest in the city’s development and retain the companies within the city. Also getting support from KRG to help develop the economy of the city is a major point. If the city can achieve businesses to invest in residential, commercial, industrial and institutional projects, the citizens will be able to enjoy a wide range of various outdoor activities. The mission is to make the city the most desirable place to live in in the region. The mission is to gain economic and social benefits (Tutor2u.net, 2014). Such as improving living standards it can cause capita income rise and reduce in poverty. The accelerator effect of growth on capital investment, rising demand and output encourages investment in capital – this helps to sustain GDP ( Tutor2u.net, 2014). Making the city richer also to have more resources available to spend on public and serving people including environmental benefits. Most important is the Benefits from growth driven by technological change (Tutor2u.net, 2014). Goal Statement: Dohuk city is encircled by mountains along the Tigris River. It has a growing tourist industry because of it beautiful weather and view though out the four seasons. The goal is to make Dohuk the main mountain resort destination. This will help economy development of the city, as well as financial and none financial support can be important point of this development. The other goals Dohuk city should achieve are, good quality of life for the citizen, better income, increasing the GDP, job creations, increasing investment. Economic Condition of Dohuk City and Recommendations for Economic Development: Urban: According to (Mop.krg.org, 2014) the urban population of the Kurdistan Region accounts for 79% of the total population. 41% referees to the three main cities Erbil, Dohuk Sulaymaniyah. But the idea here is that rural structure is suffering from low growth rates mainly in Dohuk and Sulaymaniyah. The population of Dohuk is around 280,40017 inhabitants. They occupies 67.2 square km. The city’s expansion to the west is fast and it is close to connect with the district of Sumel. Dohuk has the capacity to accommodate population growth beyond 2020 because of its vacant land. The plan is to develop the city until 2032. (Mop.krg.org, 2014) suggested these points for economic development of Dohuk city â€Å"†¢ A phasing plan for urban development based on realistic growth projections. †¢ An infrastructure assessment of the existing built up areas to identify gaps in service provision and potential infill capacities. †¢ Two priority investment projects: the urban upgrading of the informal Gejabara area and the urban rehabilitation of the Dohuk city center† Proposed Investment in Regional and Urban Development Planning 2013-2020 Tourism Sector: Tourism is considered as of the fastest and biggest growing industries in the world. It is an attractive option for emerging markets. Dohuk city is still in the process of developing in tourism sector. it needs to resolve the existing problems such as infrastructure and site restoration as well as protection. This can make tourism to be contributor to the economy of the city. It is important to facilitate access for people, for visitors and for trade including roads, airport, rail, waterways. these high quality transportation is considered as significant support for tourism development. Dohuk has many ancient and beautiful archeological sites and artifacts which attract many visitors, historical treasures are found in these governorate including (caves, ruins and other antique yet to be found). Let’s not forget that this city is surrounded with mountains and its variation of weather, wealthy of water makes it the land of agriculture and tourism. Factors that has negative impacts on Dohuk city’s tourism development: Unsuitable roads, electric power, solid waste disposal and telecommunications. Inappropriate facilities for tourists , including accommodations, food service, rest and relaxation settings, tourist information centers, and restrooms that meet tourists’ standards. Problems of land ownership Lack of tourism education including trainings, workshops and tour guides. Security issues, which might not let just anyone from other parts of Iraq to visit the city. Recommendations and plans to develop tourism industry, (Business, 2014) suggests these point to be focused on. Set up adventure tourism program, with skilled and certified peoples in this area, especially in adventure in mountains, rivers and camping. Transportation services, high quality of services for tourists destinations Travel agencies, as they are the first stop for everything involved with tourists they must be up to standers. Accommodations. These include hotels, motels, bed and breakfasts, hostels, rental houses, condos and any other place tourists may stay while travelling Guided tours and tour guides. A guided tour service or professional tour guide is a tourism business that specializes in providing informative and entertaining tours through an areas local attractions (Business, 2014). Hospitality. Marketing tourism business using social networking sites. Set up accounts/pages on free social networking sites, Advertise in print mediums this will help the market tourism of the city. It is also needed for the Dohuk city to have a proper business plan for any sector of tourism, Explains purpose of the business, name, location, personnel needs, tourism business management staff, market sector, competition, marketing plan and financial projections (Business, 2014). Agriculture: agriculture in Dohuk has been affected by poor government policies, conflict, international sanctions and not having technological and educational advances. There are different kind of tenures in this area. The first one is privet ownership, second is land leased by the governmentand the third one is herniated land. This makes the number of owner unmanageable. According to (Mop.krg.org, 2014) factors that have negative influence on agriculture are as following lack of good banking, financial services, and insurance industries unsuitable infrastructure Issues of land tenure Absence of food, safety, and health standards Lack agricultural education, training, and extension Lack of governmental transparency and administrative consistency Public Distribution System (food basket) Bloated bureaucracy Recommendation and Solutions: For land, infrastructure and resources, priority should be given to rational policy allowing for private ownership of agricultural lands. Resolving the issue of ownership fragmentation through legislation. Having a law for those lands should be legally restricted for agricultural use only and also to improve water development policy. Creating employable skills and improving infrastructure, should be undertaken. The city must give attention to improved education and training leading to longer-term private sector employment. Make regular visits or workshop for those who work in agriculture and develop their skills. Formal partnership should be forged between the university schools of agriculture and the Ministry of Agriculture to increase the knowledge and skills of extension personnel. Rural/Urban Migration to rebuild and develop the rural villages. Make their economic condition better. Providing them with necessary infrastructure such as hospitals and schools. Do what is necessary to facilitate return to the villages and farming. (Economics-exposed.com, 2014) suggests there are some stages where all countries should go through for growth. Traditional society, The Pre-conditions for take-off, The Take-off, The Drive to technological maturity and the Age of High Mass Consumption (Economics-exposed.com, 2014). Technology play important role in developing agriculture for those under developed countries to develop. Role of Unemployment and Job creation in economic development of Dohuk City: Rate of unemployment in Dohuk is high because creating business is a demand side theory for the growth of economy. Creating new business have advantages such as exporting goods and bringing money to the community, using available resources as an input in the production process, and community’s originality remains as its. Enterprise development is another beneficial factor for growth because it will provide jobs for citizens, layoff manufacturing workers, welfare to work requirements, and brings new technology to the market. It called second wave strategy of economic development. According (Koven Lyons, 2010) Job creation development tools are considered as following Financing assistance, this refers to the capital for making new business and there are several ways of growth capital such as, small business administration loan programs. Another financial assistance is venture and angel capital are two types of financial assistance venture capitalist is puts together funds of venture which is a large pool of capital that rich people invested, from pension funds, insurance companies, and other organization. Angel capitalist is smaller capital injection than venture capitalist, and it demand a smaller equity share of each business. Nonfinancial assistance to the enterprises. Such as, small business development center, business information center, women’s business center. Business creation which is a development strategy for the economy of a country is also criticized in terms of quality of life and environmental concerns, social cost and redistribution of wealth. For Dohuk city to lower the rate of unemployment, the city must attract new business and facilitate for international companies to open their branch in the city, Encouraging people to make innovation and new ideas, Supporting people with new ideas with financial and nonfinancial issues. This will give chance for more business and less employment as a result. The above sectors are few of many sectors in Dohuk city that helps to develop the economy of the city. By focusing on major points and major boundaries that prevents economic development, resolving these issues and applying the law and policies will make growth of the economy of the city. References Business, H. (2014). How to Develop a Tourism Business. wikiHow. Retrieved 5 May 2014, from http://www.wikihow.com/Develop-a-Tourism-Business Economics-exposed.com,. (2014). Role Of Agriculture In Economic Development | Economics Exposed. Retrieved 5 May 2014, from http://economics-exposed.com/role-of-agriculture-in-economic-development/ Mop.krg.org,. (2014). Ministry of Planning, Kurdistan Region. Retrieved 4 May 2014, from http://www.mop.krg.org/ Mop.krg.org,. (2014). Ministry of Planning, Kurdistan Region. Retrieved 5 May 2014, from http://www.mop.krg.org/index.jsp?sid=1id=275pid=109 Business, H. (2014). How to Develop a Tourism Business. wikiHow. Retrieved 5 May 2014, from http://www.wikihow.com/Develop-a-Tourism-Business Economics-exposed.com,. (2014). Role Of Agriculture In Economic Development | Economics Exposed. Retrieved 5 May 2014, from http://economics-exposed.com/role-of-agriculture-in-economic-development/ Mop.krg.org,. (2014). Ministry of Planning, Kurdistan Region. Retrieved 4 May 2014, from http://www.mop.krg.org/ Mop.krg.org,. (2014). Ministry of Planning, Kurdistan Region. Retrieved 5 May 2014, from http://www.mop.krg.org/index.jsp?sid=1id=275pid=109 Koven, S. Lyons, T. (2010) Economic Development: Strategies for state and local practices. ICMA press: Washington, D.C.

River Journey In Brazil :: essays research papers

Dear Irene, I would first like to thank you, for encouraging me to enter the competition and I could not believe that I won. As soon as they called out my name on the radio, I went running around my house, crazy, jumping up and down on my small bed, which I think I ruined the springs in it. Although it’s a pity you could not come with me, because the fact is that I had a spectacular holiday. There was a variety of choices on where to go, but none of them interests me except for one that I have not tried yet, and that was ‘Rafts and river journeys’ in the Amazon river, Brazil. I have never, in my life, experienced river journeys and I heard it could be a lot of fun and dangerous so I can face my fears. My best friend, Mike, and I went on a first class ticket in Brasilia Airlines that was very comfortable for a six-hour trip. As we landed on the capital of Brazil, Brasilia we didn’t imagine that this city can be strikingly beautiful, and fortunately is a lot better than Jeddah. We then met our raft experts in the airport. They were both female, which was really unexpected, because the experts are usually male, well one of them is called Joila and the other one’s called Lavita, I find Lavita very attractive. She had a tall, fit body, long blonde hair and a face more beautiful than Cindy Crawford. They took us to the city. The city had unspoiled landscapes, different types of antique markets around a distinctive building, there were several skyscrapers in the middle of the city, but that didn’t spoil the scenery, if you were in the middle of the city you would see lime-green mountains at a very long distance. They drove us to their camp, which was far out of the c ity and nearby the Amazon River. The campsite was in a charming location, along the campsite was pale green bushes around the campsite, caravans just beside the entrance was very big because it is used for their office, a small lake can be seen just a few hundred metres beside the camp for us to practice, there is an exotic view if you looked on top of the small hill, it was as if you were on top of the world. Lavita firstly showed us to our small white caravans for us to unpack.

Industrial, French, and American Revolutions: Common Social Revolutions

Throughout history there have been many important revolutions that have help to shape society as it is today. There are different causes, from political to religious, economic to social. Any revolution affects those in society, and creates changes for the people in the society. There are three important revolutions that took place in the late 18th century that changed the world for the better. The French Revolution, the American Revolution, and the Industrial Revolution all took place in the late 1700s. Although each had a different purpose, they all lead to a better way of life for many. The French and American Revolutions are examples of some which are brought about and enforced solely by the people. Although they had different reasons behind them, both had the same idea behind them- social change. The Industrial Revolution was different, it was a technological revolution which had positive social outcomes. While one can easily compare the French and American Revolutions because o f their social causes and outcomes, the Industrial Revolution can only be compared to the other two when examining their outcomes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The French Revolution was one of the larger social revolutions. It can be considered a revolution on the political, social, religious, and economic front, although the biggest causes were social. The French Revolution began on July 14, 1789, with the fall of Bastille and continued until the rise of power of Napoleon Bonaparte. The main re...

Mccarthy Paper

Ubiquitous Love In the novels, The Road and All the Pretty Horses, by Cormac McCarthy, McCarthy shows through symbolism and setting, that ever-present love is a basic human need. In The Road, the boy symbolizes faith, and is the source of never-ending love. All the Pretty Horses, the horses symbolize an unfallen spirit, and is the basis of a deep love. In The Road, the desolate and godless world proves to be unforgiving, yet there is a beacon of light and love found through the boy. In All the Pretty Horses, the beautiful yet disappearing Wild West is a source of pain, but also love. McCarthy uses symbolism in both of his novels, to show an underlying importance, and to further enhance his overall theme of needing something concrete to love. In The Road, McCarthy shows how a father and son’s relationship is based off of the father’s unconditional love for the boy. McCarthy writes; â€Å"Can I ask you something? Yes. Of course you can. What would you do if I died? If you died I would want to die too. So you could be with me? Yes. So I could be with you. Okay† (McCarthy 11). This quote dives deep into how the man feels about the boy. Through this quote, the man fully expresses that he would not want to live if he had to live without the boy. The boy proves here to be the man’s only hope and the source of what keeps him going. The boy symbolizes faith in a godless and desolate world. In All the Pretty Horses, horses hold deep importance and meaning for John Grady Cole as he adventures away from home. McCarthy writes, â€Å"What he loved in horses was what he loved in men, the blood and the heat of the blood that ran them† (McCarthy 7). In this quote, John Grady Cole simply, but quite deeply displays his undeniable love for horses. John Grady Cole goes as far as to say that he loves horses equally as much as he loves mankind, and that both horse and man have similar qualities. McCarthy gives great symbolism to the horse, as it is being compared to mankind. Horses symbolize an unfaltering spirit that John Grady Cole so dearly idolizes as he experiences pain and anguish while his beloved Wild West slips through his fingers. The horses are the only thing that John Grady Cole can hold onto from the Wild West. He will hold on strong, no matter what happens to him, and will love horses as he loves mankind. In both The Road and All the Pretty Horses, McCarthy symbolizes holding onto something and never wanting to let go in both the boy and the horses. The boy and the horses prove to be something that is ever-present that the main characters in the novels can love unconditionally. McCarthy uses setting to further enhance plot and the theme that ever-present love is a basic human need. In The Road, McCarthy creates a desolate and destroyed world that the man and the boy find themselves trapped in. McCarthy writes, â€Å"When he woke in the woods in the dark and the cold of the night he’d reach out to touch the child sleeping beside him. Nights dark beyond darkness and the days more gray each one than what had gone before. Like the onset of some cold glaucoma dimming away the world. His hand rose and fell softly with each precious breath† (McCarthy 1). In this quote, McCarthy sets the stage for what the world looks like. He describes it as extremely dark, and uses the simile of glaucoma to physically describe the Man and Boy’s experiences. The sight of this new, harmed world basically deteriorates your sight, as the world is no long worth looking at. McCarthy also uses strong and consistent word choice with dark, darkness, gray, cold and dimming. These words give rise to the depressing setting that the Man and the Boy are in. Also in this quote, describes the man’s love and protectiveness for the boy. McCarthy uses juxtaposition here to show that despite the dark, dreary and ever discouraging world they are in, there is a strong and deep love that can overcome any type of desperation. In All the Pretty Horses, McCarthy paints a beautiful country whose culture is slowly diminishing. McCarthy writes, â€Å"They rode out along the fence line and across the open pasture-land†¦The light fell away behind them. They rode out on the high prairie where they slowed the horses to a walk and the stars swarmed around them out of the blackness. They heard somewhere in that tenantless night a bell that tolled and ceased where no bell was and they rode out on the round dais of the earth which alone was dark and no light to it and which carried their figures and bore them up into the swarming stars so that they rode not under but among them† (McCarthy 30). In this quote, McCarthy sets up John Grady’s world with incredible imagery, describing the open fields, prairies and the abundance of stars that consume them. John Grady’s world is picturesque and seems quite perfect as the feeling of this quote is quite calming. But, in the face of this beauty, John Grady is still faced with the ever-present disappearance of the Wild West culture. Although McCarthy finds sadness in the beauty, John Grady is yet again placed with his horses. McCarthy describes the men and their horses as â€Å"they† showing an unbreakable bond. In both The Road and All the Pretty Horses, McCarthy uses contrasting settings to ultimately unite them by showing that ever-present love can be found no matter where you are. In the novels, The Road and All the Pretty Horses, McCarthy shows through symbolism and setting that ever-present love is a basic human need. He cleverly displays this by providing similar and contrasting elements. Humans need to know that they have something constant and concrete to love in order to survive. People tend to struggle when faced with challenges alone. The presence of something to love; whether it is a son, or a horse, is essential. This love is what drives the human race to overcome obstacles and barriers throughout life. McCarthy, Cormac. All the Pretty Horses. New York: Knopf, 1992. Print. McCarthy, Cormac. The Road. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2006. Print.